Flight attendants professional training in the training centers of Ukraine conditioned by the impact of the human factor on flight safety is considered socially important, since the rate of scientific and technological development in the aviation industry gradually raises this type of transport to the level of mass application by the population, which creates the need for adequate academic training. A number of qualified flight attendants are required to adapt to continuous innovation of all professional activities. Investigation of normative documents regulating the flight attendants professional activities in our country and abroad, materials of the International Association of Professional Flight Attendants (ICCA) congresses in domestic and foreign flight attendants' literature allowed to come to the conclusion that unfortunately no new scientific research has been carried out so far on the flight attendants practical activity in Ukraine and abroad. [1]
The intensive growth of air transport is gradually giving rise to new problems in such a complex area of human knowledge as aviation. The role of flight attendants in the system of professional training of present day aviation specialists increases with the growth of the aviation technology complexity level as well as the staff capability to adequate adaptibility. [1-2]
With aircraft technology becoming more complex, professional requirments to flight attendants training are moving up, and there is an influx of psychogenic and stress factors in the air transportation sector. For these reasons, the aviation specialists professional training programs require greater integration and compatibility with fundamental and specialized subjects.
Acting training of airline flight attendants, which should be carried out under the international and national regulations concerning the civil aviation activities in Ukraine, includes:
• initial training of candidates for airline flight attendants and instructors;
• preparation for international flights and converse training of airline flight attendants for new aircraft types, which is carried out through the acquisition of rights and in-depth practical training to obtain hard skills in aircraft operation and can be realized if the training centers are aknowledged and confirmed by Aeronautical Authorities. In this case, the flight attendants professional training includes the following soft and hard skills:
• the ability to carry out professional activities related to the flight safety on a certain aircraft type in case of an emergency connected with passengers evacuation;
• the ability to use the emergency and resque equipment, found on aircraft board (life vests, inflatable rafts, emergency ramps, emergency exits and hatches, portable fire extinguishers, oxygen breathing equipment etc.);
• awareness of the effects, resulting during flights at altitudes greater than 3000 meters, knowledge of the physiological phenomena associated with the depressurization of the aircraft;
• situational awareness in case of hijackings;
• the ability to provide first medical assistance on board an aircraft;
• knowledge of the dangerous goods types allowed/not allowed to be transported in aircraft passenger cabin under the ICAO;
• awareness of people’s capabilities and restrictions in everyday activities that may be overcome in the process of theoretical and practical training; ground training, airline training; practical training in flight conditions. [3]
The passengers safety plays a major role in flight attendants’ activities. ICAO international documents regulating the flight attendants functions state that the main duties of flight attendants on board an aircraft are to ensure the passengers safety in normal flight and emergency or extreme situations. The flight attendants are responsible for avoiding possible threats and unsafety for passengers’ life as well as their own safety. The current flight attendants’ mission is to help in case of severe turbulence; to avoid accidents or to extinguish fire on board an aircraft, and to help passengers in case of aircraft depressurization; to organize the passengers evacuation from an aircraft in the event of an emergency landing or ditching. [3]
Therefore, the first and foremost function of a cabin crew member professional activity is the readiness to ensure passengers’ safety on board an aircraft, which includes saving people in case of an accident and providing them with physical and psychological assistance in stressful, extraordinary situations of emergency (epilepsy or heart attack, etc.). The readiness to fulfill this function includes two aspects: external and internal. Thus, external readiness provides for control and preparation of flight attendants on the ground before every flight: the availability and operational condition of emergency equipment (stationary and portable); the availability and knowledge of people saving instructions (flight operation instructions, safety instructions, brief instructions on fire extinguishing, first medical assistance instructions in case of decompression); the technique and skills for assisting people (CPR, helping drowning people, lifting and transferring a passenger’s body from a seat to an emergency exit, etc.). Internal one includes: psychological composure, physical, mental and psychological capability to use knowledge, intelligence and skills to save people, as well as authoritatively handle the passengers’ actions in extreme situations.
REFERENCES
1. Радзівілова І.A. Дослідження проблем виявлення педагогічних умов формування готовності майбутніх бортпровідників до професійної діяльності. Науково-педагогічний журнал: «Молодь і ринок». Вип. № 9 (164). 2018. C.146-149.
2. Frank H. Hawkins. Human Factors in Flight. Routledge - 2nd Edition. 1999. Pp. 384.
3. Керівництво з навчання членів кабінного екіпажу (бортпровідників) з урахуванням аспектів безпеки. ІКАО, Doc 10002 A/N 502 від 2014 р.
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