Abstract
This article explores the challenges of analyzing and assessing the innovative potential of the domestic agricultural sector, as well as the informational support of innovation processes. Various approaches to information sources have been comparatively studied in research aimed at characterizing the innovative potential at different management levels. The resources to be used in the process of searching for and implementing more effective solutions in the market of agricultural innovations have been identified. The work that needs to be done to improve the characteristics of unification and aggregation of relevant data has been determined. The possibilities for the development of information support for innovation analysis in the sector have been considered, and directions for their implementation have been defined.
Keywords:information support, innovative potential, research, agricultural sector, innovation analysis
Introduction
Researching the potential for innovative development is an important step in terms of assessing the capabilities and prospects of innovation. The legal and regulatory framework plays a decisive role in the formation of an appropriate information base. To analyze innovation activities, the requirements of the relevant legislative framework should be taken into account. Despite the new challenges and a number of measures taken, a significant part of business representatives, including in Azerbaijan, are wary of innovation. This situation is decisively related to the incompleteness of the database necessary for the analysis and quantitative assessment of the progress and results of innovation activities. Other reasons include information asymmetry and information difficulties in quantitatively substantiating the lack of alternatives to innovative development.
Main part
As indicators characterizing the implementation of innovative potential (by region), relevant sources recommend the following: “- level of innovative activity of an enterprise and organization, in%; Share of innovative product in GDP, %; number of issued patents and certificates per 10,000 people; share of technology exports in total exports, in%; number of advanced production technologies created, units; the number of organizations that have applied advanced production technologies; number of advanced production technologies used, units”[2, p. 47].
It is of fundamental importance to monitor and process their results while providing information support for the analysis of innovative activities in the agricultural sector. The creation and use of Farm Data Monitoring System (FTMMS) in our country is quite an important step taken in this direction. As stated in the following source: “The selection of farms for inclusion in the FTMMS study is based on the Department of Agriculture's Electronic Agricultural Information System database. Farms in this database are divided into five layers depending on the acreage and type of plants planted, using a random sampling method. The number of samples in the sample is 1% of each stratum and 1% of the number of households simultaneously receiving subsidies [3]. Although the results obtained from the analysis of the results of the mentioned monitoring are not popularized to the proper extent, they play an important role in characterizing the sensitivity of entrepreneurship to innovations in the agricultural sector. At the same time, it is easy to see that the mentioned monitoring system does not meet all the requirements, including the insufficiency of its volume. The fact is that, as stated in the following source, “the monitoring system provides the user with information about projects, requests, finances, etc. at any time. must be able to present structured information about [4, p. 66]. On the other hand, FTMMS does not allow calculating indicators (indices) of innovative development in the agricultural sector with acceptable representativeness. When calculating these indicators in the agricultural sector, several basic indicators should be taken into account. Among these indicators, special mention should be made of indicators reflecting development in the direction of selection and genetics.
The risks faced by innovation activities are very likely and varied in composition. To justify the need for the introduction and application of innovations, the potential for innovative development and the possibilities of its implementation should be analyzed in order to assess risks and determine the financial and other resources of the innovation project. In practice, a special place is given to the investment aspect of innovative development.
In the process of researching innovative development, many sources are used. External (external) sources of information include: scientific and educational institutions; marketing companies, periodicals, official websites, patent offices, think tanks, individual inventors and scientists, etc. Information carriers documented at the enterprise level, reports, etc. act as internal sources. acts. External sources (due to the need to study advanced foreign experience) can play a leading role in institutions starting innovative activities. Of course, the goals and objectives of an innovation project (research) play an important role when choosing sources of information [5, p. 64-66].
To analyze the potential for innovative development and assess the possibilities of motivating innovative activity, numerous sources of information are used. Considering the level of development of information relations and the requirements of innovation development priorities, in practice the composition of these sources can vary significantly.
To characterize the innovative potential at different levels of management, taking into account the approaches and realities in the above-mentioned studies, the use of the following sources of information can be considered acceptable: documented sources of information; management accounting data; statistical data; conditional dynamic data; regulations; standards; norms and regulations in this area; officially approved guidelines and recommendations; patent and licensing information on the creation and use of intellectual property; data on tests of research and design bureaus, as well as experimental samples; data reflected in business plans and documents for their implementation, etc.
Innovation analysis, including the study of the processes of formation and implementation of innovative potential, involves solving a set of pressing issues. To analyze innovation activity, it is necessary to resolve the following issues: “comprehensive assessment of the need for innovative development; development of an innovative development strategy; justification of innovation priorities; providing innovative activities with resources; search and study of current solutions in the innovation market; planning and organizing processes for introducing process and product innovations; analysis of the effectiveness of innovation activity"[6, p. 329]. When analyzing the resource support of innovation activity, data from financial statements, personnel support, energy supply (logs that record the consumption of electricity, fuel, etc.) and other documents can be used. When studying innovation potential, it is important to select indicators that characterize its other resource components. Although approaches to this issue are different, we consider it acceptable to distinguish the following components at the field level: personnel, logistics, financial and information.
As can be seen, although the subjects of analysis of the innovative activity of an agricultural enterprise are directly or indirectly interested in its result, they are in different positions in relation to the information support of the study of the potential of innovative development. Thus, increasing the profitability of production and sales meets the interests of the owners of the enterprise. Therefore, business owners are primarily interested in information about how applied innovations affect the financial results of the enterprise. As persons responsible for the effective management and organization of agricultural production, enterprise managers pay attention to operational information on the progress of innovation activities, including for the preparation of management decisions.
From time to time, statistical collections characterizing the actual state of agricultural production (main economic indicators of Azerbaijan's agriculture, agricultural enterprises and individual entrepreneurs) and corresponding bulletins are published in Azerbaijan. At the same time, the statistical collections “Food Balance Sheets of Azerbaijan” and “Farm Results” are officially published. A number of other sources also provide data on agricultural territories that differ according to territorial characteristics. Based on these data, it is almost impossible to calculate any indicators of intensive and innovative development of agricultural production. It should also be noted that the non-distribution of investments in agriculture and capital funds across administrative and economic regions, as well as crop and livestock production, further limits the possibilities of innovative analysis.
In official statistics, the enterprise innovation activity form is used to collect information about innovation activities. The currently used annual form of official statistical reporting has been compiled since 2014. It should also be noted that the country’s official statistics still present a number of indicators of innovation activity only by industry and only by expenditure.
The statistical report on innovations in the industry, the acquisition of new technologies and software, production design for the release of new products, other types of production preparation or the application of new services or methods of its production, training or education of workers related to innovation, research and work are reflected external costs for paying for the services of organizations. The quantitative expression of the impact of economic, production and other factors that impede innovation is determined on the basis of observations and surveys, highlighting the main or decisive, important and less important in the industry.Preliminary research and expert opinion provide sufficient evidence to suggest that a similar approach is possible in the agricultural sector. So here, as indicated in the following source, “to make the appropriate calculation, information received from relevant departments and organizations and other sources is used”[8].
Statistical data on education, science and culture are prepared by the State Statistics Committee of Azerbaijan.The following statistical indicators are presented here that can be used in the process of researching innovative potential: the number and composition of scientific personnel in the fields of agricultural sciences; internal recurrent costs incurred for research and development in agricultural sciences; structure of internal current costs for R&D by type of work and industries in the fields of agricultural science, etc.
As other sources, the Center for Scientific Research and Statistical Innovation, created on the basis of the Scientific Research and Design and Technological Center for Statistical Information of the State Statistics Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic (according to the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Azerbaijan Republic), Republic of Azerbaijan dated November 19, 2015 No. 364)[9] The areas of activity are: “conducting research work in the field of statistics, improving existing statistical methodologies and developing new methodologies, constructing samples and econometric analysis of statistical data; studying innovative statistical technologies, preparing proposals for their application and promoting the knowledge of Goskomstat specialists in this area, etc. As you can see, it is possible to improve the information base for studying the potential for innovative development in the agricultural sector by increasing the powers of the mentioned center and expanding the scope of its activities. At the same time, the Agricultural Innovation Center, which works towards providing methodological and practical support for the application, promotion and promotion of advanced technological innovations based on innovative solutions in the field of agriculture. The Innovation Calendar presents the characteristics of local and international events, as well as online and offline events.[10]
The already mentioned “Innovation Calendar” of the Agricultural Innovation Center provides information on both local and international measures for innovative development in Azerbaijan. These data are an important source of information about the state of innovation potential in the agricultural sector and the directions for its implementation. In our opinion, it is advisable to improve the news presented in the Innovation Calendar in the following direction: ensuring the representativeness of the presented numerical data; providing information on implemented innovation activities and the results of individual relevant activities and coordination work.
Conclusion
Open data from enterprises, marketing agencies (companies), periodicals, information networks, as well as the results of research conducted on the innovation market, should be used in the process of searching and making appropriate decisions on the innovation market. To study the potential of innovation in the country’s agricultural sector and conduct innovation analysis in general, it is necessary to use sources, in terms of relevant requirements, the information base of primary accounting and internal audit, corporate information systems, etc. requires partial restructuring and completion. It is necessary to expand the structure of the information base for studying innovative potential in the agricultural sector, the volume of data reflecting innovation activities, and improve their unification and aggregation characteristics.
Literature
1. Koveshnikova E.V., Shchepina I.N. Study of the region's innovative potential. VSU Bulletin, Series Economics and Management. 2006, no. 1, pp. 44-56.
2. https://atm.gov.az/az/activity/8/farmer-teserrufati-melumatlarinin-monitoring-system
3. Guseinova A.D. Improving the mechanism for managing innovation potential in Azerbaijan. 5306.01. Iqt.ed ...diss. Baku, 2015. 334 pages
4. Latypova E. A. Modern approaches to the analysis of innovative activities of enterprises // Current research. 2022. No. 12 (91). pp. 64-66. URL: https://apni.ru/article/3908-sovremennie-podkhodi-k-analizu-innovatsionnoj (date of access: 09/14/2023)
5. Grechko O.S. Basic principles and tasks of innovative activity of organizations in modern conditions // Economy and Society. 2018. No. 5 (48), pp. 326-331.
6. Kotova T.V., Cherkasova G.G. Innovative analysis: features of the formation of an information base // Bulletin of ASTU. Series: Economics. 2010. No. 2. approx. 233-236
7. https://www.stat.gov.az/menu/7
8. https://www.etsim.az/az/about
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