According to the information provided by the Ministry of Finances, the export of Ukrainian goods was cut down two times, while the export decreased more than three times. With this in mind the government strives to tackle the challenges which were brought about by the Russian invasion. Since 2015 it has been prohibited to ship most of Russian goods to Ukraine, but some types of goods haven’t faced these restrictions. Embargo hasn’t been put on the goods, whose country of origin is Belarus, because this country isn’t considered to be a coutry – aggressor. Meanwhile, it is almost impossible to ship goods from Belarus to Ukraine, because all the checkpoints are closed. With the exception of this fact, the government has prohibited to spread products around our country, which has been produced in Belarus.
Import
Currently customs formalities are carried out with a simplified procedure. The government allowed to submit declarations without issuing a previous declaration or by submitting a declaration, filled as usually, at any customs authority. Declaration of such goods is done without implementation of measures of non-tariff of foreign economic activity (except for state export control).
During the first 10 months of 2022 import was equal to 44 milliard $. The downfall of import wasn’t as significant as the downfall of export. The leaders of import: Chinese (15%), Poland takes the second position in this rating (almost 10%). Some countries managed to go up this “import ladder”, for instance the USA supplanted Belarus.
Export
At the beginning of 2022 the Ukrainian export was expected to show positive dynamics. But in March our country underwent a collapse of delivery and shipping. Only in May the slow revival could be traced. If we compare 2021 and 2022, we can find out that the export declined by 32%.
In March 2023 Ukraine extended the quantity of export of agricultural products by 12%. It is equal to almost 8 million tons. It should be mentioned, that 51 % of export was committed owing to “grain corridor”, and the another part by using alternative ways of transportation.
Why is the export of paramount importance?
According to questionnaire, a substantial number of businesses are strongly convinced, that the main hindrance to revival of business processes is the lack of solvent clients. As a consequence, they stress the importance of export, as one of the ways to overcome major challenges related to business and economy. It goes without saying, that producers can enter the foreign market and find new clients, that are able to pay for the provided services and goods. As a result, companies will be enabled to replenish the state treasury by paying taxes.
Analyzing this table, we can gather that the highest level of export was tracked in January, while in February these digits started to decline because of all-out war in our country. The trend was particularly visible in March 2022 and April (-50% and -51% respectively). The dynamic of export in 2022 wasn’t satisfying. The declination added up to -30, 9%. If we compare 2021 and 2022 we can see, that there was a great difference in an amount of money received from export operations. The grain was of vitally important to export, because it possesses the most significant role.
References
1.Положення «Про митну службу України» 1991.№25.ст.13. URL: https://customs.gov.ua/polozhennia (дата звернення: 02.04.2023)
2.Інтернет-стаття «Експорт з України під час війни: як змінилася структура постачань» URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2022/10/24/692959/ (дата звернення: 01.08.2022)
3.Україна експортувала майте 100 мільйонів тонн продукції у 2022 році.URL: https://export.gov.ua/news/4389-u_2022_rotsi_ukraina_eksportuvala_maizhe_100_mln_tonn (дата звернення 05.01.2023)
4.«Менеджмент зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємств» А.Р. Дунська, К.О. Кузнєцова. С. 123-126 URL: https://ela.kpi.ua/bitstream/123456789/50100/1/ManagD_2022_konspekt.pdf (дата звернення 04.02.2023)
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Scientific supervisor: Fokina-Mezentseva Kateryna, Doctor of Sciences in Economics, Professor of the Department of International Management
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