Abstract: In this article, the world economy is closely interconnected with macroeconomic processes. It is a dynamic system of continuous revival of these progressive development and institutions. Development is achieved through innovation in all processes of the economy, which allows to propose an important role of innovation in the development of countries and regions. This article analyzes the differentiation of science and technology development trends. Basic parameters include science, research, technical equipment and communication structures.
Key words: effectiveness, innovation, innovative business, economic development
The formation of an innovative economy, the main role in which the information technology, is a strategic direction of development of the economy of Uzbekistan. In developed 80-95% of the growth in gross domestic product falls to the share of new knowledge, embodied in technology and technology. Urgency of justification of innovation type reproduction of the economy lies in the fact that in the modern economic world, innovations are one of the key factors determining the prospects for social and economic development.
The effectiveness of innovation is largely determined by innovation infrastructure. Innovative infrastructure is a set of interrelated production and technical systems, organizations, firms and relevant organizational management systems necessary and sufficient for effective innovation and realization of innovations.
In the modern world, the following trends dominate, which have a powerful impact on the development of innovative economy and closely intertwined with each other:
- Support of innovative business;
- expansion of demand for innovations in the economy;
- development of innovative infrastructure;
- effective integration into the global innovation system;
- implementation of technological and research projects, ensuring competitiveness in world markets;
- development of scientific and educational potential;
- the formation of a new innovative culture in society and the enhancement of the status of the innovator.
In the modern sense, the national innovation system (NIS) is a collection national public, private and public organizations and mechanisms for their interaction, in the framework of which activities are carried out to create, store and disseminate new knowledge and technology. Effective NIS is built by joint efforts of the state, entrepreneurial and scientific environment and forms such a system of relationships, when innovations serve as the basis for the development of the economy and society. In the center of NIS are enterprises that organize production, striving for its development through innovation. The role of the state as a participant of the NIS is indisputable. It creates framework the operating conditions of the system, which include: macroeconomic policy, maintenance and development of a competitive environment, the creation and development of a regulatory and legal environment, promoting the development of entrepreneurship, the state of the technological base, the creation favorable tax and investment climate, formation of conditions for the international trade. An important structure is the cost structure by types of innovation. Cross-country comparisons show, that in Germany their share is 50%, in Sweden about 65%, in France almost 70%. Among the main reasons for the low innovation activity of the economy can be called The following: high cost of innovation and high level of risk; indifference business sector to science and innovation, the orientation towards maximizing profits in short-term period; absence of system innovation legislation; small the effectiveness of scientific and technological activities, the lack of active market demand on the results of intellectual activity; shortage of qualified personnel due to disproportions in the development of the system of professional education in terms of knowledge and industry structure.
Innovation as a factor of competitiveness should be explored in the context of their interaction with other factors of competitiveness. Innovative development of the country is provided by a systemic approach to formation of normative-legal, organizational-economic, social, natural resources and other conditions of economic development. This is the dual aspect of innovation research, namely innovative potential as a factor of competitiveness and factors innovative development.
Conclusion: Undoubtedly, there is a steady growth of competitiveness in Uzbekistan. There intellectual and scientific and technical potential and all the necessary conditions for its implementation.
Literature
1. . National Program for Personnel Training of the Republic of Uzbekistan // Barkamol avlod - the foundation of the development of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent: East, 1997.
Karimov I.A. Uzbekistan aspires to XXI century. Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1999, p.
2. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education". // Barkamol avlod - the foundation of the development of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent: East, 1997.
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